garmaatI QartI AaOr laaprvaah hma
—Da , gauÉdyaala p`dIp

kala krO saao Aaja kr¸ Aaja krO saao Aba.
pla maoM prlaya haoya gaI¸ bahuir krogaa kba..
jaI haM¸ Apnao samaya ko mahana samaaja–sauQaark kbaIr dasa nao Apnao [sa daoho maoM saMsaar kI xaNaBaMgaurta ko baaro maoM caotavanaI doto hue laaogaaoM kao Apnaa kama samaya rhto hue krnao kI salaah dI hO. hao sakta hO ik kbaIr nao p`laya ka Baya idKa kr ]sa samaya ko maanava samaaja maoM vyaaPt Aalasya kao dUr krnao ka p`yaasa ikyaa hao. laoikna p``laya kI isqait vaastva maoM Bayaavah hO. p`laya ka Aqa- hO [sa QartI ka ivanaaSa Aqavaa yahaM eosaI ivaYama isqaityaaoM ka ]%pnna haonaa ijasamaoM jaIvana ka flanaa–fUlanaa AsaMBava hao jaae. vaOsao tao yaid hmaoM Apnao puraNaaoM tqaa imaqakaMo pr jara BaI ivaSvaasa hO tao jala–Plaavana ko $p maoM p`laya kao[- nayaI baat nahIM hO. eosao p`laya Acaanak hue yaa ifr p`kRit [nako baaro maoM samaya–samaya pr caotavanaI dotI rhI¸ saaqa hI [samaoM manauYya ko Apnao kmaao-M ka BaI haqa qaa yaa nahIM — Aaja hmaaro pasa eosaa kao[- saaQana nahIM hO jaao [nako baaro maoM sahI jaanakarI do sako.

laoikna BaivaYya maoM kao[- eosaa p`laya Aayaa tao inaiScat $p sao kha jaa sakta hO ik ]samaoM p`kRit ko saaqa–saaqa manauYya ka haqa AvaSya haogaa. pyaa-varNa maoM hao rhoo CaoTo–baD,o pirvat-na kbaIr dasa kI trh hmaoM [sakI caotavanaI BaI do rho hOM tqaa samaya rhto sauQarnao ka saMkot BaI. manauYya [sa QartI ka tqaakiqat sabasao bauiwmaana evaM ivacaarvaana p`aNaI hO. [sa QartI ko p`akRitk saMsaaQanaaoM pr kbjaa kr ]naka ]pyaaoga kovala Apnao ilae krnao ka gaur ]sao KUba Aa gayaa hO. laoikna ApnaI bauiw ko GamaMD maoM ]sanao kbaIr kI baat na tba saunaI AaOr na hI Aaja vah p`kRit $pI kbaIr kI caotavanaI saunanao kao tOyaar hO. vah tao basa tqaakiqat p`gait ko rasto pr AaMKoM maUMdo Baagaa calaa jaa rha hO. vah kalaIdasa kI trh ijasa Dala pr baOza hO ]saI kao jaanao–Anajaanao kaTnao kI p`iËyaa maoM lagaa huAa hO AaOr KuSa hao rha hO.

Aanao vaalao p`laya kI caotavanaI QartI ko baZ,to tap ko $p maoM p`kRit hmaoM baD,o mauKr ZMga sao do rhI hO. [sa baZ,to tap ka duYp`Baava AMt maoM jala–Plaavana hI haogaa¸ yah tya hO. hmaaro pva-taoM tqaa Qa`uvaIya p`doSaaoM pr ja,maI laaKaoM Tna baÔ- jaba ek saaqa ipGalanao lagaogaI tao AaOr @yaa Apoxaa kI jaa saktI hO. yah ipGalatI baÔ- hmaaro saagaraoM AaOr mahasaagaraMo ka jala–str k[-–k[- maITr tk }Mcaa kr saktI hO jaao ifr naidyaaoM evaM Anya jalaaSayaaoM kao BaI p`Baaivat krogaa hI. PairNaama– caaraoM trÔ baaZ, hI baaZ,. yah baaZ, hmaaro AiQakaMSa maOdanaI BaagaaoM kao laIla jaaegaI. ifr na hma bacaoMgao AaOr na hI Anya jaIva–jaMtu. KOr yah tao baad maoM haogaa. baZ,ta tap ABaI BaI ApnaI rMgat CaoTo–baD,o $p maoM idKa hI rha hO. Aa[e¸ j,yaada nahIM¸ basa ipClao ek saala ko samaya–AMtralahala maoM GaTI kuC GaTnaaAaoM pr hI naja,r DalaI jaae. yao GaTnaaeM maa~ kpaola–klpnaa nahIM hOM bailk ivaiBanna vaO&ainak tqaa pyaa-varNa saMsqaaAaoM Wara ike gae AQyayana ka inacaaoD, hOM. [na pr dRiYTpat krnao ko baad Aap kao samaJa maoM Aa jaaegaa ik baZ,to tap ko iflahala @yaa–@yaa duYp`Baava hao sakto hOM AaOr BaivaYya maoM yao iksa p`kar kI Bayaanak pirisqaityaaoM kI Aaor saMkot kr rho hOM.

• janavarI 2005 maoM valD- vaa[lD laa[Ô fMD ko ek AQyayana ko Anausaar ]<ar Q`a`uvaIya xao~ ko baÔ-–Axaaidt xao~fla maoM p`it dSak ko ihsaaba sao 9 ,2 p`itSat kI kmaI hao rhI hO AaOr eosaa ivaSaoYakr ga`IYmakalaIna samaud`I baÔ- maoM kmaI ko karNa hao rha hO. ja,aihr hO¸ yah vaatavarNa ko taap maoM vaRiw ka kupirNaama hO. jaIvaQaairyaaoM pr [saka kup`Baava— lagaBaga 22¸000 paolar ibayar kI janasaM#yaa ko ivalauPt haonao ka K,tra.

• frvarI 2005 maoM p`kaiSat iba`iTSa eMTai@-Tk savao- kI ek irpaoT- ko Anausaar dixaNa Qa`uvaIya xao~ Avaisqat laasao-na baI naamak eMTai@-Tk Aa[sa SaIT¸ ijasako baaro maoM Aba tk samaJaa jaata ik yah p%qar ko samaana Aivacala saMrcanaa hO¸ baZ,tI gamaI- ko karNa QaIro–QaIro ivaGaiTt haonaa p`arMBa kr caukI hO. [saka kupirNaama [sa xao~ ko 300 – 400 glaOiSayaraoM ko Aakar maoM kmaI ko $p maoM pirlaixat hao rha hO.

• yauinavaisa-TI Aa^f kOilafaoina-yaa ko vaO&ainakaoM Wara jaUna 2005 maoM p`kaiSat ek AQyayana ko Anausaar saa[baoiryaa –xao~ ko saOTolaa[T Wara ilae gae ica~ yah dSaa-to hOM ik [sa xao~ maoM Avaisqat Aai@-Tk JaIlaaoM pr jamaI lagaBaga sqaa[- baÔ- QaIro–QaIro ipGala rhI hO¸ ijasako pirNaama sva$p JaIlaoM ivalauPt haotI jaa rhI hOM. 1973 tk [sa xao~ maoM JaIlaaoM kI saM#yaa 10882 qaI jaao Aba GaT kr maa~ 9712 rh ga[- hOM. maa~ ba<aIsa saala ko AMtrala maoM eosaI ek saaO pccaIsa JaIlaoM pUrI trh ivalauPt hao caukI hOM. 

• $T\gar yauinavaisa-TI ko vaO&ainakaoM Wara hala hI maoM ike gae ek AQyayana ko Anausaar saBaI saagaraoM ka jala–str saamaanya$p sao p`itvaYa- 2 ima ,ima ,kI dr sao baZ, rha hO. vat-maana vaRiw ka yah dr AaOVaoigak ËaMit ko phlao ko vaYaao-M kI tulanaa maoM duganaa hO. yaid QartI ko saamaanya tap maoM vaRiw ko raok–qaama ko samauicat ]paya samaya rhto na ike gae tao [sa dr ko baZ,to hI jaanao kI saMBaavanaa AiQak hO. ek Anaumaana ko Anausaar [sa SatabdI ko AMt tk hmaaro samaud`aoM ka jala–str lagaBaga ek maITr tk yaa ]sasao BaI }Mcaa ]z sakta AaOr tba BaivaYya maoM [sako kupirNaama kI klpnaa tao kI hI jaa saktI hO.

• maOsaacyausaoT [MsTIT\yaUT Aa^f To@naa^laa^jaI ko vaO&ainakaoM Wara jaulaa[- 2005 maoM p`kaiSat ek AQyayana ko Anausaar ipClao tIna dSakaoM maoM }YNakiTbaMQaIya xao~aoM maoM ]znao vaalao caËvaat QaIro–QaIro kaÔI p`bala haoto jaa rho hOM. caËvaat maoM ]znao vaalaI hvaa kI gait maoM kma sao kma 50 p`itSat kI vaRiw hu[- hO.

• jaulaa[- 2005 maoM piScamaI Baart mao Aa[- baaZ, [sa sadI kI BayaMkr baaZ,aoM maoM ek qaI. maharaYT/ ko AiQakaMSa Baaga [sasao baurI trh p`Baaivat hue. mauMba[- maoM hI maa~ 24 GaMTo ko AMdr 940 imalaI maITr barsaat hu[-. [sa baaZ, nao lagaBaga 1000 laaogaaoM kI jaana lao laI. Qana–saMpda ko nauksaana ko baaro maoM tao khnaa hI @yaa. navaMbar–idsaMbar 2005 timala naaDu AaOr Aasa–pasa ko xao~ Bayaanak barsaat tqaa baaZ, ko gavaah hOM. maaOsama ivaBaaga ko Anausaar Aanao vaalaa samaya kao[- SauBa samaacaar lao kr nahIM Aanao vaalaa hO. AaOr BaI baairSa evaM AaMQaI–tUÔana ko hI saMkot imala rho hOM. p`SaaMt mahasagar ko xao~ sao ]znao vaalao tUÔanaaoM kI saM#yaa tqaa ]nakI p`balata maoM BaI [sa vaYa- kaÔI vaRiw hu[- hO AaOr [nhaoMnao imala kr ek nayaa kIit-maana sqaaipt ikyaa hO. 1933 ko 21 AaMiQayaaoM tqaa 1969 ko 12 tUÔanaaoM kI tulanaa maoM [sa vaYa- kI 25 AaMiQayaaM evaM 12 tUÔana Ap`%yaaiSat kIit-maana hI hOM. kOT/Inaa AaOr irTa jaOsao tUÔanaaoM tqaa [nasao hu[- tbaahI kao AmaoirkavaasaI Balaa jaldI BaUla sakto hOM @yaaÆ

• AaOr tao AaOr QartI ko baZ,to tap ka p`Baava maanava samaaja ko svaasqya pr BaI pD, rha hO. valD- holqa Aa^gao-naaja,oSana Wara hala hI maoM p`stut ek irpao-T ko Anausaar hmaaro iËyaa–klaapaoM ko flasva$p vaatavarNa maoM hao rho pirvat-naaoM ka kupirNaama¸ ivaSaoYakr tap–vaRiw ko karNa¸ p`itvaYa- lagaBaga 50 laaK laaogaaoM kao baImaarI ko $p maoM Baugatnaa pD, rha hO AaOr lagaBaga DoZ, laaK laaoga kala ko gaala maoM samaa jaa rho hOM.

yauinavaisa-TI Aa^f ivaskaMisana–maoiDsana tqaa valD- holqa Aa^ga-naa[ja,oSana ko vaO&ainakaoM ko Anausaar ~asadI yah hO ik [sa QartI kao garmaanao maoM piScamaI doSaaoM¸ ivaSaoYakr tqaakiqat ivakisat doSaaoM ka mau#ya haqa hO. ~asadI yah hO ik [saka kupirNaama p`SaaMt tqaa ihMd mahasaagar ko tTIya doSaaoM evaM AÍIka ko sahara roigastana ko Aasa–pasa ko doSaaoM kao¸ jahaM QartI kao garmaanao vaalao iËyaa–klaap nyaUnatma hOM¸ tmaama saMËamak tqaa jaIvaaNaujainat raogaaoM jaOsao malaoiryaa sao laokr dst yaa ifr kupaoYaNa jaOsaI isqaityaaoM ko $p maoM Baugatnaa pD, rha hO. BaivaYya maoM isqait ko badtr haonao ko hI Aasaar j,yaada hOM. karNa¸ ]cca tap jaIvaaNauAaoM kao pnapnao ka baohtr sauAvasar doto hOM. saaqa hI yao doSa [tnao garIba hOM ik eosaI isqait sao inapTnao ko ilae na tao [nako pasa saaQana hOM AaOr na hI sauivaQaa. kro kao[-¸ Baro kao[-.

isqait Bayaavah hO AaOr [sako ilae kaÔI hd tk hmaaro iËyaa–kalap hI ija,mmaodar hOM. Apnao ilae AiQak sao AiQak sauK–sauivaQaaAaoM kao jauTa laonao ko p`yaasa maoM kI jaa rhI tqaakiqat vaO&ainak p`gait tqaa AaOVaogaIkrNa kI p`iËyaa hI [sako maUla maoM hO. CaoTI–baD,I AaOVaoigak [ka[-yaaoM¸ fO@TiryaaoM tqaa laaKaoM–krNaaoM vaahnaaoM ko saMcaalana maoM p`yau> haonao vaalao kaba-nayau> [-MMQana yaqaa kaoyalaa¸ p``oT/aola¸ DIja,la Aaid ko dhna sao ]%pnna garmaI AaOr ]sasao BaI AiQak [nako ApUNa- dhna sao inaklanao vaalaI kaba-na–Da[-–Aa^@saa[D tqaa maaonaaoAa^@saa[D jaOsaI gaOsaoM [sa QartI ko tap kao baZ,anao maoM mau#ya BaUimaka Ada kr rhI hOM. AaOVaogaIkrNa nao SahrI krNa kao janma idyaa. AaOVaoigak [-ka[yaaoM tqaa Aavaasa–ivakasa hotu hmaoM j,yaada ja,maIna kI ja,$rt hu[-. [sao hmanao QartI kI hiryaalaI kI kImat pr payaa. hiryaalaI kma haotI jaa rhI hO AaOr Sahr¸ saD,koM tqaa fO@TiryaaM j,yaada. pirNaama¸ vaatavarNa maoM Anya p`dUYaNa fOlaanao vaalao karkaoM ko Aitir> kaba-na–Da[-–Aa^@saa[D kI baZ,tI jaa rhI maa~a. @yaaoM ik yao poD,–paOQao hI hOM jaao vaatavarNa sao kaba-na–Da[-–Aa^@saa[D ka ]pyaaoga kr maUla–BaUt Baaojana kabaao-ha[DoT\sa ka saMSlaoYaNa krto hOM tqaa Aa^@saIja,na kI maa~a kI vaatavarNa maoM vaRiw krto hOM.

eMTai@T-ka maoM jamaI baÔ- kI AMd$naI prtaoM maoM fMsao hvaa ko baulabaulaaoM ko ivaSlaoYaNa sao yah baat saamanao Aa[- hO ik Aaja vaatavarNa maoM kaba-na–Da[-–Aa^@saa[D kI maa~a ipClao saaZ,o CÁ laaK vaYaao-MMM ko daOrana iksaI BaI samaya maapI ga[- AiQaktma kaba-na–Da[-–Aa^@saa[D kI tulanaa maoM 27 p`itSat AiQak hO. baZ,tI kaba-na–Da[-–Aa^@saa[D vaatavarNa maoM SaISao ka kama krtI hO. SaISaa p`kaSa kao par tao haonao dota hO laoikna tap kao nahIM. saUya- kI ikrNaoM vaatavarNa maoM ]pisqat vaayau kao par kr QartI tk tao Aa jaatI hOM¸ prMtu QartI sao Tkra kr [saka AiQakaMSa ihssaa tap maoM badla jaata hO. yaid vaatavarNa maoM kaba-na–Da[-–Aa^@saa[D kI maa~a AiQak hao tao yah tap ]sao par kr vaatavarNa ko baahr nahIM jaa sakta hO. [saka pirNaama QartI ko saamaanya tap maoM SaOnaO: SaOnaO: vaRiw ko $p maoM saamanao Aata hO AaOr AaOVaoigak ËaMit ko baad yahI hao rha hO. AaOVaoigak evaM vyai>gat }jaa- Kpt maoM Aga`NaI haonao ko karNa piScamaI doSa [sa QartI kao garmaanao maoM BaI Aga`NaI hOM AaOr [namaoM Amaoirka ka naama savaao-pir hO. ivakasaSaIla tqaa Aivakisat doSa BaI [sa kukma- maoM kmaao–baoSa Apnaa sahyaaoga do hI rho hOMÑ eosaI pirsqait maoM Balaa QartI kao gama- haonao sao kaOna bacaa sakta hOÑ

eosaa BaI nahIM hO ik [sao kao[- nahIM samaJa rha hO. laoikna AiQaktr laaoga [sao samaJato hue BaI naasamaJa banao hue hOMO AaOr jaao [sao samaJa kr [sakI raok–qaama ko ]paya ko p`yaasa maoM lagao hue hue hOM¸ vao mauz\ZI Bar pyaa-varNa–iva&anaI pUro maanava samaaja kI maanaisakta kao badlanao maoM Ap`BaavaI isaw hao rho hOM. halaaMik eosao jaaga$k laaogaaoM ko p`yaasa pUrI trh inaYfla BaI nahIM hue hOM. eosao hI laaogaaoM kI saiËyata ko flasva$p hI ivaSva ko lagaBaga 141 doSaaoM nao frvarI 2005 maoM jaapana ko @yaaoTao Sahr maoM ek eosao dstavaja pr hstaxar ike ijasamaoM [sa baat pr sahmait banaI ik saMsaar ko lagaBaga 40 AaOVaoigak $p sao ivakisat doSa 2008 sao 2012 ko baIca QartI kao garmaanao vaalaI saBaI p`kar kI gaOsaaoM ko ]%padna maoM 1990 kI tulanaa maoM kma sao kma 5 ,2 p`itSat kI kmaI laanao ka p`yaasa kroMgao. [sa pr hstaxar krnao vaalao hr doSa ko ilaeo vahaM ko p`dUYaNa–str ko Anaupat maoM eosaI gaOsaaoM ko ]%padna maoM kmaI laanao ko ilae Alaga–Alaga maanak isqar ike gae hOM. Qyaana rho¸ [sa QartI kao garmaanao vaalaI gaOsaaoM ko ]%padna maoM [na doSaaoM ka ihssaa lagaBaga 55 p`itSat hO.

yah sahmait ipClao saat saalaaoM ko Aqak p`yaasa ka fla qaI. [sa sahmait maoM Baart tqaa caIna jaOsao ivakasaSaIla doSaaoM kao CUT dI ga[- qaI. [saI baat kao AaQaar banaa kr Aa^sT/oilayaa tqaa ivaSva ko sabasao baD,o p`dUYak doSa Amaoirka nao [sa pr hstaxar krnao sao manaa kr idyaa qaa. AmaoirkI raYT/pit jaa^ja- bauSa ko Anausaar yah sahmait ]nako doSavaaisayaaoM ko raoja,gaar ko AvasaraoM pr p`itkUla p`Baava DalaogaI¸ saaqa hI Baart AaOr caIna jaOsao ivakasaSaIla doSaaoM kao CUT donaa pxapat hO. Amaoirka jaOsao doSa ka eosaa rvaOyaa [sa idSaa maoM saiËya tqaa p`yaasart doSaaoM tqaa laaogaaoM ko ilae kaÔI htaSaapUNa- hO.

hstaxar krnaa AaOr baat hO¸ ]sao AmalaI jaamaa phnaanaa AaOr baatÑ AiQakaMSa doSaaoM ko pasa na tao kao[- inaiScat yaaojanaa hO AaOr na hI saudRZ, rajanaOitk [cCa. Aqa-tM~ saba pr BaarI hO. ]dahrNa ko ilae¸ [sa sahmait pr sabasao phlao hstaxar krnao vaalao maoM doSaaoM maoM ek – knaaDa ko pasa [sa Qyaoya kao panao ko ilae kao[- zaosa yaaojanaa nahIM hO. 1990 kI tulanaa maoM p`dUYaNa ko str maoM kmaI Aanao ko bajaaya yahaM lagaBaga 20 p`itSat kI vaRiw hI hu[- hO. jaapana jaOsaa doSa BaI¸ jahaM [sa sahmait pr hstaxar hue qao¸ [sa Qyaoya kao panao ko rasto maoM Aanao vaalaI kanaUnaI AD,canaaoM kao kOsao dUr krogaa–[sa baaro maoM duivaQaa maoM hO. ifr BaI [nako p`yaasa sarahnaIya hO. Aaja nahIM tao kla rasta inakla hI Aaegaa. khto hOM na– jahaM caah vahaM rah.

[saI rah pr Aagao calato hue 28 navaMbar 2005 sao 09 idsaMbar 2005 tk knaaDa ko maa^inT/yaala Sahr maoM yaunaa[ToD naoSansa Wara p`yaaoijat gaaoYzI ka Aayaaojana ikyaa gayaa. [sa AMtr–raYT/Iya gaaoYzI maoM 189 doSaaoM ko lagaBaga dsa hja,ar p`itinaiQayaaoM nao ihssaa ilayaa. yahaM mau#ya mau_a qaa– @yaaoTao sahmait jaao 2012 tk hI p`BaavaI hO¸ ]saoo Aagao kOsao baZ,ayaa jaaya tqaa 2012 ko Aagao BaI QartI kao garmaanao vaalao gaOsaaoM ko ]%padna kI raok–qaama ko ilae AaOr BaI p`BaavakarI rNanaIit pr ivacaar krnaa tqaa yah p`yaasa krnaa ik ivaSva ko sabasao baDo, p`dUYak doSa Amaoirka kao iksa p`kar [sa p`yaasa mao Saimala ikyaa jaaya. saaqa hI [sa p`yaasa maoM ivakasaSaIla doSaaoM kI ija,mmaodarI BaI tya kI jaaya. KuSaI kI baat hO ik lagaBaga @yaaoTao sahmait pr hstaxar krnao vaalao saBaI doSa [sa samaJaaOto kao 2012 ko Aagao BaI p`BaavaI rKnao ko ilae sahmat hao gae hOM. Amaoirka BaI¸ jaao [sa saMiQa ka hstaxarkta- nahIM hO¸ [sa baat ko ilae sahmat hao gayaa hO ik vaatavarNa maoM p`dUYaNa kI raok–qaama sao jauD,I dUrgaamaI yaaojanaaAaoM saMbaMQaI baat–caIt maoM Saaimala haogaa. Sat- yah hO ik vah ]nhoM maananao yaa na maananao ko ilae baaQya na hao. cailae¸ Baagato BaUt kI laMgaaoTI hI BalaIÑ

AMtra-YT/Iya str pr cala rho yao sarkarI tqaa rajanaOitk p`yaasa inaScaya hI dUrgaamaI p`Baava DalaoMgao¸ laoikna maora maananaa hO ik QartI kao garmaanao sao bacaanao ka p`yaasa tao mahaya& hO AaOr [samaoM saBaI ka yaaogadana AavaSyak hO. jaba tk [sa QartI ka baccaa–baccaa [sako p`it sajaga nahIM haogaa AaOr vyai>gat $p sao [sa p`yaasa maoM sahBaagaI nahIM haogaa¸ QartI kao [sa mahaivanaaSa sao kao[- nahIM bacaa sakta. hmaoM samaya rhto caotnaa hI pD,ogaa varnaa Basmaasaur kI trh iva&ana$pI vardana ko pICo iCpo p`dUYaNa$pI [sa haqa kao Apnao sar pr rK kr naacato hue Apnao ivanaaSa ka karNa hma svayaM hI bana jaaeMgao.