raobaa^T\sa AaOr AMtirxa kI Kaoja
—Da , gauÉdyaala p`dIp

Eaimak , , ,maja,dUr ,,, , ,caok BaaYaa ko raobaa^T Sabd ka yahI tao Aqa- hO. 1921 maoM kOrola kOpok Wara saRijat khanaI AaOr naaTk 'raoja,msa yauinavasa-la raobaa^T\sa' sao p`cailat [sa Sabd sao Balaa Aaja kaOna nahIM piricat hOÆ raobaa^T ka naama laoto hI hmaaro mana maoM ek eosao yaM~–maanava kI klpnaa ]BartI hO ijasako pasa AsaIimat kaya-–xamata hao¸ Sai@t hao AaOr saaqa maoM bauiwmaana BaI hao laoikna hmaarI Aa&a ka ]llaMGana na kro. dUsaro SabdaoM maoM khoM tao hma caahto hOM ik yao raobaa^T\sa hmaaro saaro kaya- kroM laoikna rhoM hmaaro ga,ulaama.

hja,araoM ikssao–khainayaaoM evaM iÔlmaaoM ko pa~ rho [na raobaa^T\sa kao [lao@T/a^ina@sa¸ [laoi@T/klsa¸ kMPyaUTr¸ yaaMi~k ,,,, , ,iva&ana kI saBaI ivaQaaAaoM maoM ike jaa rho AnausaMQaanaaoM ka ]pyaaoga kr saakar $p donao maoM hmaaro vaO&ainak dSakaoM sao p`yaasart hOM. halaaMik ABaI tk ApnaI pirklpnaanausaar saMpUNa- 'yaM~–maanava' ko saRjana maoM pUrI saflata tao nahIM imalaI hO¸ laoikna [na p`yaasaaoM ko flasva$p eosao yaM~aoM ko ivakasa maoM hma AvaSya safla hue hOM ijanakI sahayata sao na kovala hmaarI kaya-–xamata k[- gaunaa baZ, ga[- hO¸ bailk ]na kayaao-M kao BaI ikyaa jaa sakta hO ijanhoM phlao duSkr maanaa jaata qaa. [na yaM~aoM maoM hma maanavaaoM kI trh nae kaya- saIKnao kI xamata tao nahIM hO laoikna ijasa kaya- ko ilae [nhoM banaayaa jaata hO ]sao yao baD,o hI saTIk ZMga sao krto hOM.

Aaja yao raobaa^T\sa ivaiBanna AaOVaoigak [ka[yaaoM¸ ivaSaoYakr Aa^Taomaaobaa[la karKanaaoM kI AsaoMblaI laa[na pr baOz kr vaoilDMga¸ poMiTga¸ inarIxaNa jaOsao kayaao-M kao baKUbaI AMja,ama doto hOM. jaapana eosao raobaa^T\sa ko inamaa-Na evaM ]pyaaoga maoM Aga`NaI hO. Aba tao yao raobaaoT\sa hmaaro jaIvana ko lagaBaga hr phlaU sao QaIro–QaIro jauD,to jaa rho hOM. icaik%saa ko xao~ maoM duSkr saja-rI¸ maa[inaMga¸ saonaa maoM maanavariht Aa^proSana¸ ivaYama pirisqaityaaoM vaalao sqaanaaoM kI jaaMca–pD,tala¸ kMPyaUTr eDoD iDja,a[inaMga tqaa maOnyaufO@cairMga ³CAD/CAM´ yaa ifr AMtirxa kI Kaoja hI @yaaoM na hao , , ,saBaI xao~aoM maoM raobaa^T\sa hmaara haqa baMTato naja,r Aa rho hOM. nae AaivaYkaraoM tqaa ]nnat To@naa^laa^jaI ko bala¸ BaivaYya maoM [nako ivakisat $p hr xao~ maoM hmaarI kaya- xamata maoM k[- gaunaa vaRiw tao kroMgao hI saaqa hI ek saMpUNa- yaM~–maanava koo ivakasa maoM BaI hma safla haoMgao.

[nhIM raobaa^T\sa kI ek kD,I hOM– AMtirxa yaana 'ispirT tqaa Apa^rcyauinaTI' jaOsaI raovar baiggayaaM. QartI sao hja,araoM–laaKaoM maIla dUr ek saala sao BaI AiQak samaya sao maasa- kI sath kI jaaMca–pD,tala maoM lagaI [na baiggayaaoM kI xamata evaM saflata nao saarI duinayaa kao ivaismat kr rKa hO. naasaa AaOr ]sasao jauD,I tmaama saMsqaaAaoM nao [na baiggayaaoM ko $p maoM AMtirxa kI Kaoja kI idSaa maoM ek nayaa AQyaaya ilaKa hO. halaaMik AiBavyai@t ko pazkaoM kao [na baiggayaaoM tqaa [nasao jauD,I saflataAaoM kI ivastRt jaanakarI phlao BaI dI jaa caukI hO ifr BaI iva&anavaata- ko [sa AMk maoM saarI duinayaaM kao ivaismat krnao vaalao [na raobaa^T\sa ka ek baar ifr sao ]llaoK krnao ko laalaca sao yah laoKk svayaM kao nahIM raok pa rha hO. nahIM¸ [samaoM Gabaranao vaalaI kao[- baat nahIM hO. ifr sao [na baiggayaaoM ko baaro maoM jaanakarI do kr maOM Aap kao baaor krnao ka kt[- [rada nahIM rKta. mMaora Qyaoya kovala Aap kao [sa baat kI jaanakarI donaa hO ik naasaa tqaa [sasao jauD,I tmaama sMasqaaAaoM ko vaO&ainak [nako Aagao @yaa saaoca rho hOM AaOr [sa idSaa maoM @yaa–kuC nayaa krnao ko p`yaasa maoM lagao hue hMOM.

sabasao phlao tao Aa[e doKoM ik inakT BaivaYya maoM naasaa kI @yaa yaaojanaa hO. saMBavat: 2009 tk Agalaa maanava–riht yaana maMgala pr Baojanao kI yaaojanaa banaae hue naasaa ko vaO&ainak ispirT evaM Apa^rcyauinaTI jaOsao raobaa^T\sa ko Agalao saMskrNa ko ivakasa maoM jaI–jaana sao jauTo hue hOM. [na nae raobaa^T\sa kI na kovala kaya-xa,mata k[- gaunaa AiQak haogaI¸ bailk yao k[- gaunaa toja, rF,tar sao kama kroMgao. saaqa hI [namaoM saaocanao samaJanao kI xamata BaI haogaI.

naasaa ko maaa]MTona vyaU¸ kOilafaoina-yaa Avaisqat 'emsa irsaca- saoMTr' maoM 'jaoT p`aop^lSana laOba' ko sahyaaoga sao hala hI maoM ivakisat Aaz pOraoM vaalao raobaa^T 'ska^ip-yana' kI ivaSaoYata yah hO ik yah KD,I phaiDyaaoM pr BaI AasaanaI sao caZ, sakta hO tqaa ]baD,–KabaD, duga-ma maOdanaaoM kao BaI ibanaa proSaanaI ko par kr sakta hO. ispirT evaM Apa^rcyauinaTI jaOsao pihedar raobaaoT\sa ko ilae yah ek duSkr kaya- qaa. dUsarI Aaor ispirT tqaa Apa^rcyauinaTI jaOsao raovasa- raobaa^T\sa sao imalato–jaulato prMtu toja, rF,tar AaOr qaaoD,a–bahut saaoca–samaJa kr kama krnao vaalao raobaa^T 'ko 9' ko ivakasa maoM BaI saflata imalaI hO.

'ko–9' raobaa^T\sa ispirT tqaa Apa^rcyauinaTI kI tulanaa maoM dsa gaunaa toja, hOM. maasa- pr iksaI ca+ana kI faoTao laonao maoM jahaM ispirT tqaa Apa^rcyauinaTI kao tIna idna lagato hMO¸ ³ek idna inaid-YT ca+ana tk phuMcanao maoM¸ dUsara idna ApnaI raobaa^iTk Baujaa kao p%qar kI Aaor Gaumaanao maoM¸ tao tIsara idna Apnao kOmaro kao sahI isqait maoM laa kr ]sa ca+ana kI saUxma faoTaoga`afI krnao maoM´ vahIM 'ko–9' maa~ dao GaMTo maoM caar faoTao lao sakta hO. yahI nahIM¸ 'saa^FTvaoyar To@naa^laa^jaI' ko xao~ maoM hao rho AnausaMQaanaaoM tqaa ivakasa ka BarpUr laaBa [na 'ko–9' sarIKo raobaa^T\sa kao BaI imalaa hO. [na pirYkRt saa^FTvaoyar tknaIikyaaoM ko bala yao raobaa^T\sa hma manauYyaaoM kI trh pirisqait kao sahI ZMga sao samaJa–baUJa sakto hOM tqaa ide gae inado-Saanausaar na kovala kaya- kao kr sakto hOM¸ bailk pirisqait ko Anausaar ]samao pirvat-na BaI kr sakto hOM.

jahaM ispirT evaM Apa^rcyauinaTI kao p`%yaok kdma ko ilae p`aoga`ama krnaa pD,a qaa ³yahaM tk ik iksa kdma ko ilae iksa ihssao kao iktnao iDga`I tk GaUmanaa hO´ tqaa [sa p`aoga`ama maoM iksaI BaI p`kar ka for–badla kr panaa [nako baUto kI baat nahIM qaI¸ vahIM 'ko–9' kao maa~ yah inado-Sa donaa pyaa-Pt hO ik 'ca+ana tk jaaAao'. Aba yah 'ko–9' ka kama hO ik yah svayaM tya kro ik vahaM Aasa–pasa kao[- ca+ana hO yaa nahIM. yaid hO¸ tao vahaM tk kOsao phuMcaa jaa sakta hO AaOr ]sa pr iksa p`kar caZ,a jaa sakta hO. yahI nahIM¸ yaid vahaM tk phuMcanaa tqaa ]sa pr caZ,naa AsaMBava hO tao yah raobaa^T koMd` kao [sa baaro maoM ApnaI raya BaI p`oiYat kr sakta hO. dUsaro SabdaoM maoM khoM tao [sao kuC saImaa tk kRi~ma bauiw sao laOsa ikyaa gayaa hO¸ ijasako bala yah pirsqait ko Anausaar svayaM saaoca–samaJa BaI sakta hO tqaa ]icat inaNa-ya BaI lao sakta hO.

BaivaYya maoM eosao raobaa^T\sa ka ]pyaaoga kovala savao-xaNa tqaa AMtirxa kI Kaoja–baIna tk hI saIimat nahIM rhogaa. [nako ]pyaaoga kI AsaIimat saMBaavanaaeM hOM. svainayaMi~t vaahnaaoM sao laokr ivaQvaMsak hiqayaaraoM sao laOsa kr donao pr ibanaa Apnaa ek BaI AadmaI Kaoe hue duSmana ko izkanaaoM pr BaarI tbaahI macaa kr yauw ijatanao maoM [naka kao[- saanaI nahIM haogaa. tao yao rhI baggaI sarIKo [na raobaa^T\sa sao jauD,I saMBaavanaaAaoM tqaa [nakI ]pyaaoigata kI Jalak. laoikna @yaa yahI [it hOÆ

manauYya kI [cCaAaoM tqaa ]sao panao ko p`yaasaaoM kI kao[- saImaa nahIM haotI. jaba ]sao khIM pr KD,o haonao kI jagah imala jaatI hO tao vah baOznao ko ifrak maoM p`yaasart hao jaata hO AaOr jaba baOznao kI jagah imala jaatI hO tao vah laoTnao Bar kI jagah tlaaSanao lagata hO. 2009 ko maasa- imaSana maoM [na baiggayaaoM ko ]pyaaoga ka [rada ike hue naasaa ko vaO&ainak na kovala [nhoM AaOr BaI xamatavaana banaanao ko p`yaasa maoM lagao hue hOM bailk Agalao tIna dSakaoM kI yaaojanaa pr kaya- kr rho hOM. naasaa ko vaO&ainak 2034–35 tk AMtirxa AiBayaana mao p`yau@t haonao vaalao eosao raobaa^iTk yaanaaoM ko ivakasa maoM lagao hue ijanakI cama%kRt krnao vaalaI xamataAaoM kI tao Aaja hma maa~ klpnaa hI kr sakto hOM.

AavaSyaktanausaar yao yaana Apnao Aakar–p`kar maoM pirvat-na kr saknao kI xamata sao yau@t haoMgao. iksaI ga`h ko vaayaumaMDla sao haoto hue ]sakI QartI pr ]trnao ko ilae Apnao caaraoM Aaor 'eAraoDayana^imak SaIlD' ka inamaa-Na kr sakto hOM¸ tao vahaM kI QartI ko ivaYama evaM duga-ma }baD,–KabaD, rastaoM pr calanao ko ilae sapa-kar $p lao sakto hOM AaOr AavaSyakta pD,nao pr saUcanaa saMp`oiYat krnao ko ilae eMiTnaa ka $p , , ,Aaid ,, , ,Aaid. yahI nahIM trh–trh kI ga`haoM kI ivaYama pirisqaityaaoM ka saamanaa krnao ko flasva$p haonao vaalao TUT–fUT kI svat: marmmat krnao kI xamata sao BaI yao yau@t haoMgao. kOsao haogaa yah saba saMBavaÆ naasaa ko vaO&ainak iksa p`kar [sa AsaMBava kao saMBava banaanao kI idSaa maoM p`yaasart hOM¸ Aa[e [sakI Kaoja–baIna kI jaae.

'ToTvaakr' kroMgao yah saba saMBava. @yaa hOM yao ToTvaaksa-Æ 'ToTvaakr'¸ 'ToT/ahoD/la vaakr' ka saMixaPt naama hO. tao Aba yao 'ToT/ahoD/la vaakr' @yaa hOMÆ ToT/a yaaina caar¸ hoD/la yaaina flak AaOr vaakr yaaina calanao vaalaa Aqaa-t yao ek p`kar ko p`ayaaoigak raobaa^T\sa hO¸ ijanaka Aakar ek caar flakaoM vaalao ipraimaD ko ZaMcao ko samaana hO tqaa [saka hr flak ek i~Bauja ko Aakar ka hO. [na ToT/ahoD/la ipraimaD ko Aakar vaalao raobaa^T\sa ko hr kaonao ³ijanhoM 'naa^T' yaaina 'gaaMz' kI saM&a dI ga[- hO´ pr ivaVut–maaoTr lagaa[- ga[- hO. [na gaaMzaoM kao jaaoD, kr caar flakaoM vaalao ipraimaD ko ZaMcao ka $p donao vaalaI Qaatu– inaima-t tIilayaaM Aqaa-t 'sT/T\sa' kOmaro ko T/a[pa^D kI TaMgaaoM kI trh CaoTI yaa baD,I kI jaa saktI hOM. [na sT/T\sa kao CaoTa–baD,a krnao ka kaya- 'naa^T\sa' pr lagao maaoTsa- Wara ikyaa jaata hO. yao maaoTsa- [na tIilayaaoM kao ivaiBanna AxaaoM pr Gaumaa BaI sakto hO AaOr svayaM BaI Apnao Axa pr GaUma sakto hOM. [na maaoTsa- kao ek sauinaiScat kMPyaUTr p`aoga`ama ko Anausaar sauinayaaoijat ZMga tqaa saMyaaoijat $p sao iksaI ek flak kI tIilayaaoM kao CaoTa yaa baD,a kr PaUro ToT/ahoD/la raobaa^T ko gauÉ%va koMd` ka sqaana pirvait-t ikyaa jaa sakta hO. [sa pUrI p`iËyaa ko flasva$p na kovala yao raobaa^T\sa svayaM plaT sakto hMO¸ bailk ek inaiScat idSaa maoM gaitvaana BaI hao sakto hMO.

basa¸ [tnaI saI baatÆ yah tao baccaaoM ka iKlaaOnaa huAa. na¸ na¸ [nhoMo Aap saaQaarNa iKlaaOnaa samaJanao kI BaUla na kroM. jaba naasaa ko maorIlaOMD¸ ga`InabaolT Avaisqat gaaoDaD- sposa Flaa[T saoMTr Wara inaima-t [sa svacaailat evaM svat: Aakar–p`kar maoM pirvat-na krnao kI xamata sao yau@t 'ToTvaakr' raobaa^T nao vahaM kI p`yaaogaSaalaa ko ÔSa- kao Apnao sao cala kr par ikyaa tao [sako inamaa-Na sao jauD,o vaO&ainakaoM ko caohro pr vahI Baava qaa jaao ek iSaSau ko maata–ipta ko caohro pr tba doKnao kao imalata hO¸ jaba ]naka iSaSau phlaI baar calanaa p`arMBa krta hO – qaaoD,a gava-¸ qaaoD,a saMtaoYa AaOr qaaoD,a saMrxaa%mak Baya. janavarI 2005 maoM [sako ek namaUnao kao eMTak-iTka ko maOk\maDao- sToSana pr Baojaa gayaa taik vahaM kmaao–baoSa maasa- jaOsaI kzaor pirisqaityaaoM maoM [saka prIxaNa ikyaa jaa sako. yahaM ike gae prIxaNa [nakI banaavaT maoM kuC sauQaar ko sauJaava do rho hMO jaao [nakI kaya-xamata kao baZa, sakto hOM¸ yaqaa– yaid 'naa^T\sa' pr lagao maaoTsa- kao 'sT/T\sa' ko maQya maoM lagaayaa jaae tao na kovala [na 'naa^T\sa' kI iDja,a[na sarla hao jaaegaI bailk yao AaOr BaI ivaSvasanaIya ZMga sao kama kr sakoMgao.

yao raobaa^T\sa naasaa ko 'gaaoDaD- sposa Flaa[T saoMTr' evaM hOMpTna Avaisqat 'laOMglao irsaca- saoMTr' ko sahyaaoga maoM cala rhI 'eoMT\sa' jaOsaI mah%vaakaMxaI piryaaojanaa ka sabasao phlaa evaM mah<vapUNa- kdma hO. 'eoMT\sa' yaaina caIMTI nahIM Aiptu 'Aa^Taonaa^masa naOnaao To@naa^laa^jaI svaama\-sa'. [sa piryaaojanaa ka laxya Agalao 30–35 saala maoM eosao 'raobaa^iTk AMtirxayaana' inaima-t krnao ka hO¸ jaao AavaSyaktanausaar Apnaa Aakar–p`kar tao pirvait-t kr hI sakoM saaqa hI TUT–fUT kI marmmat BaI svayaM hI kr laoM. eosao yaanaaoM ko sva$p evaM xamata ko baaro maoM phlao BaI cacaa- kI jaa caukI hO¸ laoikna [sa pirklpnaa kao vaastivakta ka jaamaa phnaanao maoM ABaI bahut sao papD, baolanao hOM.

vaastva maoM Apnao vat-maana sva$p maoM yao 'ToTvaakr raobaa^T\sa' kuC j,yaada kama ko nahIM hOM. phlaI AavaSyakta tao [nhoM saUxma Aakar maoM laanaa hO. [sako ilae vaO&ainak yah Apoxaa krto hOM ik inakT BaivaYya maoM [samaoM p`yau@t ivaVut–maaoTsa- kao maa[Ëao– evaM naOnaao elao@T/ao isasTma tqaa [nako 'sT/T\sa' kao bahut hI ptlao 'Qaatu[- Top' Aqavaa 'kaba-na naOnaao T\yaUbsa' Wara p`itsqaaipt ikyaa jaa sakogaa. caMUik [na 'ToPsa' yaa 'naOnaao–T\yaUbsa' kao [sa saImaa tk isakaoD,a jaa sakta hO ik ]nako daonaaoM isaro ek dUsaro sao lagaBaga imala jaae. At: [na ToTvaaksa- maoMo 'naOnaaO elao@T/ao isasTma' tqaa 'Top' Aqavaa 'kaba-na–naOnaao–T\yaUbsa' kao p`yau@t kr na kovala hlka tqaa saUxma banaayaa jaa sakta hO Aiptu [nho [sa saImaa tk CaoTa ikyaa jaa sakta hO¸ jahaM [sako saBaI naa^T\sa ek dUsaro sao jauD, jaaeM. saaqa hI [nako naa^T\sa kao [sa p`kar iDja,a[na ikyaa jaa sakta hO ik AavaSyakta pD,nao pr ek 'sT/T' sao Alaga hao kr Apnao hI Aqavaa iksaI Anya pD,aosaI raobaa^T ko 'sT/T\sa’ sao jauD, sakoM.

[sa p`kar ko saUxma¸ hlko evaM nyaUnatma sqaana Gaornao vaalao ToTvaaksa- kao hjaaraoM–laaKaoM hI nahIM bailk kraoD,aoM kI saM#yaa ³swarms´ maoM ra^koT maoM pOk kr AMtirxa maoM Baojaa jaa sakta hO. inaid-YT sqaana Aqavaa ga`h pr phMuca kr yao ToTvaaksa- pUva- p`aoga`aimaMga ko Anausaar vahaM kI pirisqait yaa ifr AavaSyaktanausaar svat: AMtirxa yaana ka Aakar gahNa kr laoMgao. yahI nahIM¸ pirisqait–Anausaar yao samaya–samaya pr ]samaoM pirvat-na krnao tqaa TUT–fUT kI marmmat krnao kI xamata sao BaI yau@t haoMoMgao. jahaM BaI [sa p`kar sao inaima-t yaana maoM TUT–fUT hu[- ]sa jagah kao dUsaro ToTvaaksa- ÔaOrna Bar doMgao tqaa vahaM ]pisqat Anya saurixat ToTvaaksa- ko 'sT/T\sa' sao jauD, kr phlao jaOsaI saMrcanaa ka inamaa-Na ifr sao kr doMgao. yah kuC–kuC vaOsao hI hO jaOsaa ik hmaaro SarIr maoM hu[- TUT–fUT kao na[- kaoiSakaAaoM Wara ifr sao nayaa banaa idyaa jaata hO.

Aaja–kla kRi~ma bauiw ko ivakasa ko xao~ maoM gahna AnausaMQaana–kaya- cala rha hOM taik ToTvaakr jaOsao raobaa^T\sa ko ek baDo, samaUh kao saamaUihk $p sao saaocanao–samaJanao evaM inaNa-ya laonao kI xamata sao yau@t ikyaa jaa sako. [sa p``kar kI xamata sao yau@t samaUh ko saBaI raobaa^T\sa ek 'saMpUNa- svaaya<a–[ka[-' kI trh kama kr sakMgao. saaqa hI eosaI na[- ivaQaa ko ivakasa ka BaI p`yaasa ikyaa jaa rha hO¸ ijasako Wara [nako Wara saMpnna CaoTo–baD,o saBaI kayaao-M kao [nakI kRi~ma bauiw kI ]cca–strIya inaNaa-yak xamata Wara inayaMi~t ikyaa jaa sako taik iksaI p`kar ko ~uiT kI saMBaavanaa kma sao kma rho.

saMBaavanaaeM hI BaivaYya maoM saca maoM badlatI hOM¸ Sat- yah hO ik hma pUrI tnmayata sao sahI idSaa maoM p`yaasa krto rhoM AaOr Apnaa ivaSvaasa banaae rKoM. hmaoM pUra Baraosaa hO ik hmaaro vaO&ainak ek na ek idna na kovala Apnaa laxya p`aPt kroMgao¸ bailk [sasao BaI ]nnat p`kar ko raobaa^T\sa ko ivakasa maoM safla haoMgao jaao kovala AMtirxa kI Kaoja maoM hI nahIM¸ Aiptu maanavata kI Balaa[- maoM trh–trh sao ]pyaaogaI isaw haoMgao.